Profile of healthcare workers involved in accidents with exposure to biological materials in Brazil from 2011 through 2015: surveillance aspects/Perfil dos trabalhadores de saude com registros de acidentes com material biologico no Brasil entre 2011 e 2015: aspectos para vigilancia

Background : Accidents involving biological materials among healthcare providers represent a significant public health problem since they increase the risk of acquisition of viral infections considered to be risk factors for cancer. Objective: To describe the profile of workplace accidents involving biological materials for healthcare providers. Method: The profile of accidents for the period from 2011 to 2015 was described based on several sociodemographic, occupational and health variables. Specific incidence rates were stratified in three levels to categorize the Brazilian municipalities as a function of the frequency of events. Results: Victims were mainly female, nursing technicians and assistants, events mostly occurred during surgical procedures or intravenous medication administration, however, underreporting cannot be ruled out. Conclusion: The results point to the need for preventive programs to ensure the physical integrity of healthcare professionals, including continuous training, discussion and participation of the involved parties to achieve a positive impact. Keywords | accidents, occupational; biocompatible materials; surveillance of the workers health. Introduc ao: Os acidentes com material biologico decorrentes de processos de servicos e cuidados em saude caracterizam relevante problema de saude publica, pois aumentam o risco de aquisicao de infeccoes virais consideradas fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de cancer. Objetivo: Descrever o perfil dos acidentes com exposicao a material biologico em profissionais da area da saude durante o desenvolvimento do seu trabalho, fomentando a discussao sobre a importancia dos determinantes desses acidentes para a vigilancia em saude do trabalhador. Metodo: Para tracar o perfil dos profissionais acidentados foram descritas variaveis sociodemograficas, ocupacionais e de saude entre 2011 e 2015. As taxas de incidencia especificas foram estratificadas em tres niveis para classificacao dos municipios segundo a magnitude da ocorrencia do agravo. Resultados: Os acidentes ocorrem, em sua maioria, entre mulheres, tecnicas e auxiliares de enfermagem, durante procedimento cirurgico e administracao de medicacao endovenosa, porem pode haver subnotificacao. Conclusao: Os achados ressaltam a necessidade de implementacao de planos preventivos que garantam a integridade fisica dos cuidadores em saude, nos quais sua construcao englobe processos continuos de formacao, discussao e colaboracao de todas as partes en