Advances in Coconut palm propagation/Avancos na propagacao do coqueiro

Coconut palm (Cocos nucifera L.) is one of the most important tropical species used by man, known as "tree of life". In recent decades, with the expansion of coconut growing areas, limitations such as the occurrence of pests, uniformity of crops, adaptation to different ecosystems and others have affected the production and longevity of coconut trees. This review describes the major advances in propagation techniques of coconut palm, conventionally, by seeds and through plant tissue culture techniques from the mid-twentieth century onwards, as well as phytosanitary aspects that should be considered to mitigate the spread of pests and diseases. Index terms: Cocos nucifera, seedling, micropropagation and diseases. O coqueiro (Cocos nucifera L.) e uma das mais importantes especies tropicais utilizadas pelo homem, conhecida como "arvore da vida". Nas ultimas decadas, com a expansao das areas de cultivo, limitacoes como a ocorrencia de pragas, uniformidade de culturas, adaptacao a diferentes ecossistemas e outras tem afetado a producao e a longevidade dos plantios. Esta revisao descrevera os principais avancos nas tecnicas de propagacao do coqueiro, convencionalmente, por sementes e por meio de tecnicas de cultura de tecidos de plantas a partir de meados do seculo XX, bem como aspectos fitossanitarios que devem ser considerados para mitigar a disseminacao de pragas e doencas. Termos para indexacao: Cocos nucifera, mudas, micropropagacao e doencas.