Nursing professionals' perception of psychosocial factors and work with substance-dependent patients/ Fatores psicossociais e o trabalho com o dependente quimico na concepcao da enfermagem

Background: Psychosocial factors represent interactions between the content of work and environmental and organizational conditions, and reflect on the competencies and needs of workers. In the case of substance-dependent or mentally ill patients, the workload is maximized due to the need to provide constant care. Objective: To analyze the perception of nursing professionals who provide care to users of alcohol and other drugs in regard to the psychosocial factors which interfere with their mental health. Method: Exploratory and descriptive study with qualitative approach conducted with 22 nursing professionals. Data were collected in interviews, processed with software IRAMUTEQ, and analyzed based on the descending hierarchical classification technique. Results: In general the participants were aware of the psychosocial factors which interfere with their work, and being unpleasant, they represent a risk to health and mental overload. The women reported more job demands and stress symptoms. The perceived influence of psychosocial factors on physical and mental health increased with the time in the job. Most participants complained of occupational stress derived from the workload and pace of work. Conclusion: Most participants reported occupational exposure to unfavorable psychosocial factors at work. However, accurate analysis of such factors is hindered by conceptual aspects, in addition to the fact they are not always recognized. Keywords | nursing; occupational health; mental health; street drugs. Introducao: Os fatores psicossociais se constituem, por um lado, em interacoes entre o conteudo do trabalho e as condicoes ambientais e organizacionais e, por outro, nas competencias e necessidades dos trabalhadores. Quando se trata da assistencia ao usuario dependente quimico ou com adoecimento mental, o servico e maximizado pela necessidade de cuidado constante. Objetivo: Analisar a concepcao do trabalhador de enfermagem que atua na assistencia aos usuarios de alcool e outras drogas acerca dos fatores psicossociais que interferem na sua saude mental. Metodo: Trata-se de um estudo exploratorio, descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa, no qual participaram 22 profissionais da saude integrantes da equipe de enfermagem. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de entrevista, processados no software IRAMUTEQ e analisados pela Classificacao Hierarquica Descendente (CHD). Resultados: Em geral, os participantes percebem os fatores psicossociais que influenciam seu trabalho e, s