Attachment and Psychopathology/Baglanma ve Psikopatoloji

The type of attachment defined in the early stages of life and thought to be continuous, is a phenomenon that shapes the pattern of how a person makes contact with others. The clinical appearance of every type of attachment is different and each one has prospective and retrospective phenomenological reflections. In all stages of life and in close relationships, it can be observed if a person gets in close contact with someone else and if this relation bears supportive and protective qualities. According to attachment theorists, once it is defined as safe or unsafe during nursing period, it shows little change. Starting from Bowlby's work, unsafe attachment type is considered as the determining factor of psychopathology in the later periods of life, while safe attachment is considered as in relation with healthy processes. The nature's original model is safe attachment. Anxious/indecisive attachment, an unsafe attachment type, is associated with anxiety disorders and depressive disorder, while avoidant attachment is associated with behavior disorder and other extroverted pathologies. Disorganized/disoriented attachment is considered to be together with dissociative disorder. The aim of this paper is to review attachment theory and the relation between attachment and psychopathology. Keywords: attachment, attachment style, psychopathology Yasamin erken donemlerinde belirlenen ve sureklilik gosterdigi dusunulen baglanma bicimi, kisinin diger insanlarla iliski kurma oruntusunu sekillendiren bir fenomendir. Her bir baglanma biciminin klinik gorunumleri farklidir, ileriye ve geriye donuk fenomenolojik yansimalari vardir. Kisinin baska bir kisi ile yakin bir iliski kurup kurmadigi ve bu iliskinin destekleyici ve koruyucu ozellikler tasiyip tasimadigi, hayatinin her doneminde ve yakin iliskilerde gozlemlenebilir. Baglanma kuramcilarina gore sut cocuklugu doneminde guvenli ya da guvensiz olarak bir kez belirlendikten sonra cok az degiskenlik gosterir. Bowlby'nin calismalarindan baslamak uzere guvensiz baglanma bicimi daha sonraki yasam donemlerinde psikopatolojinin belirleyicisi olarak dusunulmusken guvenli baglanma saglikli sureclerle iliskilendirilmistir. Doganin ozgun modeli guvenli baglanmadir. Guvensiz baglanma bicimleri olan kaygili/ikircikli baglanma anksiyete bozukluklari ve depresif bozukluklarla iliskilendirilirken, kacingan baglanma davranis bozuklugu ve diger disa vuruk patolojilerle iliskilendirilmistir. Daginik baglanmanin (dezorganize/ dezoryante) is