Performance of fall and winter crops in a no tillage system in west Parana State/Desempenho de culturas de outono e inverno no sistema de plantio direto no oeste do Estado do Parana
The long-term exploitation of natural resources by agricultural activities has resulted in the need for alternative measures to restore degraded soil. The cultivation of cover crops can generate great benefits for agricultural systems, enabling the exploitation of natural resources, including water,...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Acta scientiarum. Agronomy 2018-01, Vol.40 (1), p.93 |
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Format: | Artikel |
Sprache: | spa |
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Zusammenfassung: | The long-term exploitation of natural resources by agricultural activities has resulted in the need for alternative measures to restore degraded soil. The cultivation of cover crops can generate great benefits for agricultural systems, enabling the exploitation of natural resources, including water, light and nutrients, as well as the recovery of degraded soils. This work aimed to assess the coverage rate, fresh mass and dry mass of cover crops from fall and winter as well as the floristic composition of the weeds. The work was conducted in field conditions in soil classified as eutroferric Red Oxisol in the region of the city of Palotina, Parana State, Brazil, using a random block experimental design with four replications. The treatments consisted of seven cover cultures: wild radish, linseed, triticale, rye, rapeseed, crambe, oats and fallow. The species with the highest coverage rates and fresh mass and dry mass values were wild radish, rapeseed and crambe. In the floristic and phytosociological data, the species with the highest incidence were Amaranthus retroflexus, Commelina benghalensis L., Brachiaria plantaginea and Gnaphalium spicatum. Keywords: natural resources, crop rotation, weeds. A exploracao dos recursos naturais, pelas atividades agricolas ao longo do tempo resultou na necessidade de buscar medidas alternativas para recuperacao do solo degradado. O cultivo de plantas de cobertura e uma alternativa que gera grandes beneficios aos sistemas agricolas, viabilizando a exploracao dos recursos naturais, agua, luz e nutrientes e recuperacao de solos degradados. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o percentual de taxa de cobertura, massa fresca e massa seca das culturas de cobertura de outono e inverno e a composicao floristica de plantas daninhas. O trabalho foi conduzido em condicoes de campo em solo classificado como Latossolo Vermelho eutroferrico, na regiao do municipio de Palotina, Estado do Parana, Brasil. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repeticoes, os tratamentos foram constituidos por sete culturas de coberturas: nabo forrageiro, linhaca, triticale, centeio, canola, crambe, aveia; e area de pousio. As especies que apresentaram os maiores valores de taxa de cobertura, massa fresca e massa seca foi o nabo forrageiro, canola e crambe. No levantamento floristico e fitossociologico, as especies com maior incidencia foram Amaranthus retroflexus, Commelina benghalensis L., Brachiaria plantaginea e Gna |
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ISSN: | 1679-9275 |
DOI: | 10.4025/actasciagron.v40i1.34999 |