Development of universities and academic libraries from the middle age to modernity/Desenvolvimento das universidades e bibliotecas universitarias na idade media ate a modernidade

The essay analyzes the origin of universities, their struggles for autonomy, administrative organization and curricular structure and an account of the existence of libraries linked to universities, from the Middle Age to Modernity. In the nineteenth century, education is assumed by the State and provides a legal cover to universities scientific and pedagogical freedom. The university library had its development over the centuries, trying to keep up with changes. However, it is during this century that some service and were emerging the understanding of the relationship between the university library and the university. However, it was after the Second World War, that teaching begins his walk to the mass school, and the university library becomes an important part of the university. There is a growing emphasis on access for collections, state funding for collections development and structuring of their libraries, cooperation and automation activities. These changes begin to transform the way products and services of academic libraries. From 1970, new technologies penetrate in these areas and universities and their libraries affected due to such technologies. Reform proposals emerge generating new challenges for these two centennial institutions. KEYWORDS: Academic library. Middle Age. Modern Age. O ensaio analisa a origem das universidades, suas lutas pela autonomia, organizacao das estruturas administrativa e curricular e relata a existencia das bibliotecas ligadas as universidades, desde a Idade Media ate a Modernidade. No seculo XIX a educacao e assumida pelo Estado, criando uma cobertura legal que garante as universidades a liberdade cientifica e pedagogica. A biblioteca universitaria teve o seu desenvolvimento ao longo dos seculos, tentando acompanhar essas mudancas. Mas, e no decorrer desse seculo que alguns servicos e foram surgindo os entendimentos da relacao da biblioteca com a universidade. Entretanto, foi a partir da Segunda Guerra que o ensino comeca a ter caracteristica de atividade de massa, e a biblioteca universitaria se torna uma parte importante na universidade. Cresce a enfase ao acesso as colecoes, ha financiamento do Estado para desenvolvimento de colecoes e estruturacao de suas bibliotecas, dao-se inicio as atividades de cooperacao e de automacao. Estas comecam a mudar a forma como sao oferecidos os servicos e produtos das bibliotecas universitarias. A partir de 1970, as novas tecnologias penetram nessas areas, e as universidades e su