Physiological and ionic changes in dwarf coconut seedlings irrigated with saline water/ Alteracoes fisiologicas e ionicas em mudas de coqueiro anao irrigado com aguas salinas

Salt-tolerant plants are important to cope with salinity and/or sodicity problems in semi-arid regions. The dwarf coconut palm (Cocos nucifera L.) has emerged as a salt-tolerant crop once established. However, little is known about the mechanisms that contribute to the survival of coconut seedlings...

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Veröffentlicht in:Revista brasileira de engenharia agrícola e ambiental 2017-02, Vol.21 (2), p.122
Hauptverfasser: de C. Lima, Breno L, de Lacerda, Claudivan F, Neto, Miguel Ferreira, da S. Ferreira, Jorge F, Bezerra, Antonio M.E, Marques, Elton C
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Zusammenfassung:Salt-tolerant plants are important to cope with salinity and/or sodicity problems in semi-arid regions. The dwarf coconut palm (Cocos nucifera L.) has emerged as a salt-tolerant crop once established. However, little is known about the mechanisms that contribute to the survival of coconut seedlings under salinity stress. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of saline water on morpho-physiological and biochemical responses of dwarf coconut seedlings. Treatments were composed of five levels of water salinity, expressed by its electrical conductivity (ECw), as follows: 0.9 (control); 5.2; 10.1; 15.3 and 19.3 dS [m.sup.-1] in a completely randomized design with four replications. The high levels of organic solutes (carbohydrates and soluble amino-N) and [Na.sup.+] in roots, that contribute to the low values of [Na.sup.+]/[K.sup.+] ratio in the leaves, suggest that roots play an important role in the mechanism of salt tolerance of coconut seedlings. The use of brackish water with ECw of 5.2 dS [m.sup.-1] allows seedling production, with no loss of quality. Based on total dry matter accumulation, seedlings were classified as moderately tolerant to the salinity of 10.1 dS [m.sup.-1]. Key words: Cocos nucifera L. salt tolerance organic solutes A utilizacao de plantas tolerantes ao estresse salino e necessaria para remediar o problema da salinidade e/ou sodicidade em regioes semiaridas. Deste modo, o coqueiro anao (Cocos nucifera L.) vem se destacando como uma cultura tolerante ao estresse salino, porem pouco se sabe sobre os mecanismos que contribuem para a tolerancia dessa especie. Neste contexto, objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar as respostas fisiologicas e ionicas de mudas de coqueiro anao em funcao do estresse salino. Os tratamentos compreenderam cinco niveis de salinidade da agua de irrigacao--CEa: 0,9 (tratamento controle); 5,2; 10,1; 15,3 e 19,3 dS [m.sup.-1] em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso com quatro repeticoes. Os elevados teores de solutos organicos (carboidratos e N-aminossoluveis) e a retencao de [Na.sup.+] nas raizes, o que favoreceu a manutencao de baixos valores da relacao [Na.sup.+]/[K.sup.+] nas folhas, indicam que o sistema radicular desempenha papel importante no mecanismo de tolerancia das mudas de coqueiro a salinidade. O uso de agua salobra com CEa de 5,2 dS [m.sup.-1] permite a producao de mudas, sem perda de qualidade na fase de viveiro. As mudas foram classificadas como moderadamente tolerantes a salinidade de 10,1 dS [m.sup.
ISSN:1415-4366
DOI:10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v21n2p122-127