Effects of subcutaneous injection Mn[O.sub.2] micro- and nanoparticles on blood glucose level and lipid profile in rat

Background: The use of nanotechnology has led to rapid growth in various areas. Thus, health and safety issues of nanoparticles (NPs) should be promptly addressed. Manganese oxide (Mn[O.sub.2]) nanoparticles (NPs) are typically used for biomedical and industrial applications. However, characterizing the potential human health effects of Mn[O.sub.2] NPs is required before fully exploiting these materials. The aim of this study was to investigate the toxicity of Mn[O.sub.2] micro- and nanoparticles on blood glucose level and lipid profile in male Wistar rats. Methods: A total of 105 rats were divided into one control and two experimental groups. Each experimental group received a single subcutaneous injection of Mn[O.sub.2] micro- and nanoparticles (100 µg/kg), respectively, every two weeks for 14 weeks. Their blood glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and HDL levels were then measured. The data presented as mean±SEM and compared with the repeated measures using the Prism statistical software (version 6.0). Results: Biochemical assessment in plasma samples showed that Mn[O.sub.2] micro- and nanoparticles injection significantly (P