Molecular marker-based characterization of a set of wheat genotypes adapted to Central Europe

In this study we evaluate the genetic diversity of a selection of wheat accessions characteristically grown and adapted to mid-European environments, using various molecular marker systems. Thirty-three simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used alongside genic markers for known dwarfing genes, flowering time genes, and grain hardness genes, namely Rht-B1, Rht-D1, Ppd-D1, Vrn-A1, Vrn-B1, Vrn-D1 and Pinb-D1. In addition, variation was scored for the high-molecular-weight glutenin storage proteins, responsible for dough technological quality. A dendrogram was constructed using the UPGMA algorithm, based on the molecular data and the country of origin, giving an overview of their genetic similarity and relationships. The potential for the use of some agronomic traits in breeding, by providing a basis for multi-trait genetic selection in wheat breeding programs is discussed. Estimating the breeding values of crops using multiple genetic markers might help in breeding for varieties with good technological quality for growing under desired climatic conditions.