Evaluation of the chemical-enzymatic decellularization method for obtaining extracellular trachea matrixes in a porcine model/EvaluaciÃf³n del metodo quimico-enzimatico de descelularizaciÃf³n para la obtenciÃf³n de matrices extracelulares de traquea en el modelo porcino

Introduction: Different diseases may affect the trachea and, therefore, the quality of life. Tissue engineering may be a therapeutic alternative for patients with such diseases, using decellularized trachea matrixes seeded with cells from the recipient, which do not generate immune response and may even prevent rejection of zoo-transplants. Objective: To evaluate a decellularization method to obtain tracheal extracellular matrixes in the porcine model. Materials and methods: Two study groups, treated and control, were obtained from 5 porcine tracheas. A chemical-enzymatic method for decellularization was used. Histological analyses were performed with hematoxylin-eosin, Masson's trichromic stain and safranin O. Biomechanical properties of both groups were evaluated by determining the Young modulus, maximum strength and deformation rate. Results: Compared to the controls, there was a 66% decrease in the cell content in the treated specimens. Collagen was preserved and a reduction of glycosaminoglycans was detected. Biomechanical tests revealed a significant difference in the percentage of deformation, with no alteration of the remaining parameters. Conclusions: The evaluated decellularization method proved to be efficient to reduce the cellular content of porcine tracheas, with a considerable decrease in cost and production time. These advantages could make it a good option for the socio-economic Colombian conditions. KEYWORDS Decellularized Matrix; Recellularized Matrix; Regeneration, Airway; Trachea; Tissue Engineering Introduccion: diferentes enfermedades afectan la traquea y deterioran la calidad de vida. La ingenieria tisular es una alternativa terapeutica para los pacientes con esas enfermedades: matrices de traquea descelularizadas y sembradas con celulas del receptor no generan respuesta inmune y pueden prevenir incluso el rechazo de zootrasplantes. Objetivo: evaluar un metodo de descelularizacion para obtener matrices extracelulares de traquea en el modelo porcino. Materiales y metodos: a partir de 5 traqueas porcinas se formaron dos grupos de estudio, controles y tratados con un metodo quimico-enzimatico. Se hizo analisis histologico con hematoxilina-eosina, coloracion tricromica de Masson y safranina O. Se evaluaron las propiedades biomecanicas de ambos grupos, mediante la determinacion del modulo de Young, la fuerza maxima y el porcentaje de deformacion. Resultados: en las muestras tratadas se observo una disminucion del 66% del contenido celula