Transesterification of babassu oil catalyzed by Burkholderia cepacia encapsulated in sol-gel matrix employing protic ionic liquid as an additive/Transesterificacao de oleo de babacu catalisada por Burkholderia cepacia encapsulada em matriz sol-gel empregando liquido ionico protico como aditivo

Enzymatic transesterification from non-edible vegetable oil (babassu oil) and ethanol is provided. A set of seven experiments featuring a full 22 factorial design with three central points and different combinations of molar ratio and temperature as independent variables was employed. Transesterification reactions were catalyzed by Burkholderia cepacia lipase encapsulated in a hydrophobic matrix obtained by the sol-gel technique using protic ionic liquid (N-methylmonoethanolamine pentanoate) as additive and with conventional heating (40-56°C). Ethyl esters highest yield (51.90%) was obtained by experimental design with 1:7 molar ratio (oil:alcohol) and temperature at 40°C during 48h reaction. The process with a 5-fold increase of enzymatic load provided 98.69% ethyl esters yield with 4.29 [mm.sup.2] [s.sup.-1] viscosity. Keywords: protic ionic liquid, enzymatic loading, factorial design, molar ratio, temperature, ethyl esters. O presente trabalho aborda o estudo da transesterificacao enzimatica de um oleo vegetal nao comestivel (oleo de babacu) e etanol utilizando planejamento fatorial completo 22 com tres pontos centrais. As variaveis independentes foram a razao molar e a temperatura. As reacoes de transesterificacao foram catalisadas por lipase de Burkholderia cepacia encapsulada em matriz hidrofobica obtida pela tecnica sol-gel, usando liquido ionico protico (pentanoato de N-metilmonoetanolamina) como aditivo e em aquecimento convencional (40-56°C). O maior rendimento de esteres etilicos (51,90%) foi obtido por meio do planejamento experimental com razao molar (oleo:alcool) de 1:7 e temperatura de 40°C em 48h de reacao. Entretanto, o processo com aumento do carregamento enzimatico em cinco vezes permitiu um rendimento em esteres etilicos de 98,69% com viscosidade de 4,29 [mm.sup.2] [s.sup.-1]. Palavras-chave: liquido ionico protico, carregamento enzimatico, planejamento fatorial, razao molar, temperatura, esteres etilicos.