Clonal propagation of Cnidoscolus quercifolius by air-layering/Clonagem de Cnidoscolus quercifolius por alporquia

Cnidoscolus quercifolius is an oleaginous plant that can be used for the rehabilitation of degraded areas, feed and food, medicine, sawmill and energy. Clonal propagation of faveleira is a good alternative to seedling production, just like a tool in the plant improvement and to the producers. This study aims to evaluate the efficiency of the air-layering technique on the propagation vegetative of the faveleira, with the view to determine the effect of five concentrations of indolbutyric acid (IBA) and two substrates. There were also evaluated the time necessary for the emergence of roots. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design in a 5 x 2 factorial scheme, with 10 repetitions. Each plot consisted of a pruned layers, totaling 100 plots, and treatments combining the five IBA concentrations (0,0; 1,5; 3,0; 4,5 e 6,0 g [L.sup.-1]) with the two types of substrates (vermiculite and commercial substrate).There was significant stimulating effect by applying 'indobultirico' acid (IBA), to obtain the best results the percentage of air layers roots, root number and root dry mass with a concentration of 6.0 g [L.sup.-1]. The emergence of the roots on the surface of the substrates occurred at 42 days after the completion of the air layering. There was no significant difference between the substrates for any variable. Keywords: faveleira; forestry improvement; caatinga; oleaginous plant. Cnidoscolus quercifolius e uma planta oleaginosa que pode ser empregada para recuperacao de areas degradadas, alimentacao animal e humana, medicina, serraria, energia, biodiesel, dentre outros. A clonagem desta planta e uma boa alternativa de producao de mudas, tanto como uma ferramenta para o melhoramento da especie como tambem para os produtores. Objetivou-se avaliar a producao de mudas de faveleira pelo metodo de alporquia, usando cinco concentracoes de AIB e dois substratos. Avaliou-se tambem o tempo necessario para o surgimento de raizes. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 5 x 2, com 10 repeticoes. Cada parcela experimental constituiu de um alporque, totalizando 100 parcelas, sendo os tratamentos a combinacao das cinco concentracoes de AIB (0,0; 1,5; 3,0; 4,5 e 6,0 g [L.sup.-1]) com os dois tipos de substratos (vermiculita e substrato comercial). Houve efeito estimulante atraves da aplicacao do acido indolbultirico (AIB), obtendo-se os melhores resultados de porcentagem de alporques enraizados, numero de raizes