A criminal code for the unification of Italy: the Zanardelli code --la Genese, le debat, le projet juridique

This article analyzes the process of formation of the 1st Italian penal code after the political unification of the country, called Zanardelli code of 1889. An analysis that contextualizes the encoding not only of the chronology of political events, but also, for example, in the Italian criminal law...

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Veröffentlicht in:Seqüência (Florianópolis, Brazil) Brazil), 2014-01 (68), p.37
1. Verfasser: Lacche, Luigi
Format: Artikel
Sprache:fre
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Zusammenfassung:This article analyzes the process of formation of the 1st Italian penal code after the political unification of the country, called Zanardelli code of 1889. An analysis that contextualizes the encoding not only of the chronology of political events, but also, for example, in the Italian criminal law science of the XIX century. A science of criminal law--known under the name of "classical school"--characterized by having raised some flags as the abolition of the death penalty, one of the appointed aspects, inclusive, such factor that hindered the legislative unification process in the criminal area. Finally, as an epilogue addresses the criticism of the "positive school" who opposed the liberal tendencies of the newly enacted code. A criminal liberalism, however, is seen in its ambiguity: within a liberal code, for example, hard devices to combat political dissent, and rules extra codicem that mitigated some safeguards enshrined in the code. Keywords: History of criminal law. Italian Penal Code of 1889. Giuseppe Zanardelli. The Science of the Italian Criminal Law in the nineteenth century. O presente artigo analisa o processo de formacao do primeiro codigo penal italiano posterior a unificacao polftica do pais, o chamado Codigo Zanardelli de 1889. Uma analise que contextualiza a codificacao nao somente na cronologia dos fatos polfticos, mas tambem, por exemplo, na ciencia do direito penal italiana do seculo XIX. Uma ciencia do direito penal--conhecida sob o nome de "escola classica"--caracterizada por ter levantado algumas bandeiras como a abolicao da pena de morte, um dos aspectos apontados, inclusive, como fator que dificultou processo de unificacao legislativa no campo penal. Por fini, a tftulo de epflogo, sao abordadas as crfticas da chamada "escola positiva" que se opunha a algumas tendencias liberais do recem-promulgado codigo. Um liberalismo penal, porem, que e visto em sua ambiguidade: no interior de um codigo liberal, por exemplo, dispositivos rfgidos para combater o dissenso politico, e uma normativa extra codicem que mitigava algumas garantias consagradas no codigo. Palavras chave: Historia do direito penal. Codigo Penal Italiano de 1889. Giuseppe Zanardelli. Ciencia do Direito Penal italiana no seculo XIX.
ISSN:2177-7055
DOI:10.5007/2177-7055.2013v35n68p37