Karyotype and nor-banding of mitotic chromosomes of some Vitis L. species/estudos cromossomicos de especies de Vitis

Chromosome studies were performed in V. champinii, V. cinerea, V. girdiana, V. labrusca, V. rotundifolia, V rupestris and V. vinifera with the purpose of species characterization using chromosome morphometric data and NOR banding. A median ideogram was obtained for each species. The karyotype formula obtained varied from 7m + 12sm to 9m + 11sm. The species showed moderate chromosome asymmetry values according to TF% form, Stebbins, Romero Zarco and Paszko indices. V champinii and V. girdiana were apart from the other species by CVcl and CVci graphic representation and also formed a group apart in the dendrogram based on Euclidian distances. The chromosome pair number 3 harbors the secondary constriction and a satellite segment in all species analyzed with Giemsa staining and it may be the same observed after NOR banding technique. It seems that the process of speciation in the North American Euvitis species studied involved some discrete changes in chromosome morphometry which have been reflected in the asymmetry index. Index terms: karyotype, NOR-banding, mitotic chromosomes, Vitis, Vitaceae. Estudos cromossomicos foram efetuados em V. champinii, V. cinerea, V. girdiana, V. labrusca, V. rotundifolia, V. rupestris e V vinifera com a finalidade de caracterizacao das especies, usando dados de morfometria cromossomica e do bandamento NOR. Foi obtido um ideograma medio para cada especie estudada. A formula cariotipica variou de 7m + 12sm a 9m + 11sm. As especies mostraram assimetria cariotipica moderada pelos indices de TF% forma, Stebbins, Romero Zarco e Paszko. V champinii e V girdiana ficaram a parte das demais especies pela representacao grafica de CVcl e CVci e tambem pelo dendrograma simplificado obtido pelo metodo de distancia Euclidiana. O par cromossomico no. 3 apresentou constricao secundaria e segmento satelite nas especies analisadas com Giemsa, podendo ser o mesmo evidenciado pelo bandamento NOR. Parece que o processo de especiacao das especies de Euvitis americanas estudadas envolveu mudancas discretas na morfometria dos cromossomos a qual se refletiu no indice de assimetria cromossomica. Termos para indexacao: cariotipo, bandamento NOR, cromossomos mitoticos, Vitis, Vitaceae.