Determination of golden craniofacial proportions for reconstruction with medicolegal identification purposes/Determinacion de proporciones aureas craneofaciales para la reconstruccion con fines de identificacion medicolegal

The golden proportion is a mathematical relation that establishes between two structures represented numerically like 1 is to 1.618. This proportion is present in the nature and in the craniofacial architecture. In the present study analyzed the proportionality relations of anatomical and other anthropometric points between straight lines planned by the union of anatomical points, identifying those that were relating in a golden way, for it 20 medium and paramedium points was identificated in 10 human crania, the lines obtained by the union of the points were related mathematically, they identified those who were establishing golden relations. They found 42 golden relations between straight lines formed by the union of specific points of the craniofacial region, which repeat themselves, or they are constant in the studied crania. It is possible to affirm that in the architecture of the bony head they find proportional relations which knowledge can use as base for the reconstructions with ends of medicolegal identification. KEY WORDS: Forensic anthropology; Human identification. La proporcion eurea es una relacion matematica que se establece entre dos estructuras, representada numericamente como 1 es a 1,618. Esta proporcion se encuentra presente en la naturaleza y en la arquitectura de la region craneofacial. En el presente estudio se analizaron las relaciones de proporcionalidad entre rectas formadas por la union de puntos anatomicos reproducibles y otros antropometricos, identificandose aquellas que se relacionaban de manera aurea. Para ello, se identificaron 20 puntos anatomicos reproducibles medianos y paramedianos, en 10 creneos humanos con caracteristicas antropologicas homogeneas. Las rectas obtenidas por la union de los puntos fueron relacionadas matematicamente, para identificar las que establecian relaciones aureas. Se encontraron 42 relaciones auricas entre rectas formadas por la union de puntos especificos del macizo craneofacial, que se repiten, o son constantes, en los craneos estudiados. Se puede aseverar que en la arquitectura de la cabeza osea se encuentran relaciones proporcionales, cuyo conocimiento puede servir de base para las reconstrucciones con fines de identificacion medicolegal. PALABRAS CLAVE: Antropologia forense; Identificacion humana.