The convenience of imposing the neighborhood impact assessment and the definition of compensatory, mitigatory and retributive measures/CONVENIENCIA DA IMPOSICAO DE ESTUDOS DE IMPACTO DE VIZINHANCA E AS MEDIDAS COMPENSATORIAS, MITIGATORIAS E RETRIBUTIVAS

This paper is to discuss the use of the Neighborhood Impact Assessment (EIV) as an instrument to carry out and control impacting activities and how the urban legislation does it in view of the economic conveniences generated by public or private projects. Through the hypothetical-deductive method, it will be discussed how the urban plan and local legislation can establish proper rules to the interests of the town, preserving collective interests. For this purpose, the bibliographic review is herein employed and be based on the current legislation. The proposal is to verify how projects submitted to municipalities can be subject to compensatory, mitigating and retributive measures and the need to be included in the master plan and municipal legislation. The municipal administration, in view of these factors and future interests, must guide itself with a responsible decision-making margin in order to make economic activity compatible with what it specified to be the city's socio-environmental functions. As a results and conclusions the text underlines that public and private interests does not always be coincident and misuse of powers could be found and collective interest may be disregarded. Key words: urban directive law; urban legislation; neighbordhood impact assessment (EIA); compensatory, mitigating and retributive measures; misuse of power. O presente texto tem como proposito a discutir a utilizacao do estudo de impacto de vizinhanca (EIV) como instrumento de efetivacao e controle de atividades e empreendimentos impactantes e como a legislacao urbanistica pode dispor e regular o assunto diante das conveniencias economicas geradas por empreendimentos publicos ou particulares. Por meio do metodo hipotetico-dedutivo, sera debatido de como o plano diretor e atos normativos podem estabelecer regras adequadas aos interesses municipais preservando interesses coletivos. No trabalho se fara revisao de literatura e tera como base a legislacao vigente. A proposta e verificar como os projetos submetidos as municipalidades podem ser objeto de medidas compensatorias, mitigatorias e retributivas e a necessidade de serem consignadas no plano diretor e legislacao municipal. A administracao municipal, em face desses fatores e de interesses futuros, deve guiarse com margem decisoria responsavel de forma a compatibilizar a atividade economica com o que especificou serem funcoes socioambientais da cidade. O texto sublinha nas consideracoes finais que nem sempre essa conci