Factors influencing latrine site selection of smooth-coated otters (Lutrogale perspicillata) in traditional estuarine agroecosystems of Goa, India

Scent marking is an effective tool used for olfactory signalling in several mammalian species. The importance of latrines in intraspecific communication has been well established for otters. This study assessed the parameters that influenced the occurrence of smooth-coated otter ( Lutrogale perspicillata ) latrines in traditional, human-modified, agroecosystems of Goa, India called “Khazans”. The presence/absence of an otter latrine was modelled against eight ecological and human-influenced parameters: percentage of canopy cover, distance to the main river, percentage of ground vegetation, percentage of vegetation along the edges of the embankment, distance to the nearest sluice gate, substrate type, retaining wall, and average inclination of the embankment. Model selection analysis indicated that the distance to the nearest sluice gate was the most important parameter influencing the occurrence of latrine sites in the surveyed areas. This can be attributed to the ease of prey acquisition near these man-made structures. The results of this study increase our understanding of smooth-coated otter ecology in the human-dominated estuarine ecosystems of Goa and can help implement management strategies for otter populations that thrive in these unprotected landscapes.