Leprosy at the central Amazon: an epidemiological approach/Hanseniase na Amazonia central: um olhar epidemiologico

OBJECTIVE: To describe the epidemiology and clinical profile of leprosy in the western region of the state of Para, Brazil, in the period from 2014 to 2020. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive study. Data collection was performed from the Sistema de Informacao de Agravos de Notificacao (SINAN) of the Secretaria de Vigilancia em Saude (SVS) of the Brazilian Ministry of Health in the period from june 2021 to august 2021, and a literature review in the PUBMED database. RESULTS: 1764 cases were registered, with a prevalence of 17.5 per 10.000 inhabitants, 942 (53.5%) in the region of Tapajos and 822 (47.9%) in the region of Baixo Amazonas. There was a predominance in the age group of 40 to 49 years (20.6%); colour "Parda" (73.6%); Incomplete Primary Education (55.7%); male sex (66.3%); clinical form Dimorphic (54.5%); Multibacillary operational classification (82.3%); zero degree of functional disability (41.6%); type I reaction episodes (11.6%). In the literature review, 9 articles were included after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria and reading the articles in full. CONCLUSION: There was a reduction in the number of leprosy cases in the Mesoregion in the studied period. However, there are still deficits in the strategies of screening, treatment and monitoring of cases of leprosy, with prevalence of highly transmissible and clinically severe cases, especially among men in economically active age. Thus, it is essential to adopt regional public policies to combat, control and prevent leprosy in the western region of the state of Para. Keywords: Epidemiology; Leprosy; Amazonian ecosystem; Public health; Amazon. OBJETIVO: Descrever a epidemiologia e o perfil clinico da hanseniase na regiao oeste do estado do Para, Brasil, no periodo de 2014 a 2020. METODO: Trata-se de um estudo de corte transversal, descritivo. A coleta de dados foi realizada a partir do Sistema de Informacao de Agravos de Notificacao (SINAN) da Secretaria de Vigilancia em Saude (SVS) do Ministerio da Saude do Brasil no periodo de junho de 2021 a agosto de 2021, e uma revisao da literatura na base dados PUBMED. RESULTADOS: Foram registrados 1764 casos, com uma prevalencia de 17,5 por 10.000 habitantes, sendo 942 (53,5%) na regiao do Tapajos e 822 (47,9%) na regiao do Baixo Amazonas. Houve predominio na faixa etaria de 40 a 49 anos (20,6%); cor "parda" (73,6%); escolaridade com Ensino Fundamental Incompleto (55,7%); sexo masculino (66,3%); forma clinica Dimorfa (54,5%); cl