Influences of complex multi-channel turbulator on hybrid nanoparticle transportation and thermal behavior

Turbulator with new shape is utilized in current research to improve thermal efficiency. Hybrid nanomaterial has been involved as carrier fluid and k – ɛ turbulence model was selected for modeling. Simplified equations were solved via FVM and outputs in terms of contours were presented. Stronger secondary eddy is a result of increasing in inlet velocity and revolution which can provide thinner boundary layer and increase temperature gradient but at cost of greater pressure drop. Due to better mixing of nanomaterial in greater Re, higher Nu can be achieved. Higher turbulent intensity can be obtained with insertion of turbulator and convective heat transfer improves.