APPLICATION OF FINE SPATIAL-TEMPORAL SCALE TO THE URBAN FLOODING: PANELS TO CURITIBA-PR, BRAZIL/APLICACAO DA ESCALA TEMPORO-ESPACIAL FINA EM ESTUDO DE INUNDACOES URBANAS: PAINEIS PARA CURITIBA-PR, BRASIL

The extreme climatic events associated with rains and floods are at the center of the analysis developed in this text. The spatial-temporal variability of precipitation, coupled with the configuration of two extreme hydrometeorological events / floods in the city of Curitiba-PR, constitutes two case studies used as examples. The selected episodes are due to the performance of MTa (Summer) and FF (Autumn). Data of at least 40 rain automatic and of general climatic data recorded in automatic stations on the hourly scale were used. The data were provided by the National Center for Natural Disaster Monitoring and Alarms (CEMADEN) and the SIMEPAR Technological Institute (Parana Meteorological System). The methodology employed is based on statistics and the geographic information system for space-time representation, with emphasis on the creation of panels. The results, for Curitiba and its cluster, show that: 1) floods are due to extreme rainfall events, which occur in a short time (hours) and are localized spatially due to the climatic dynamics; 2) extreme rain events, due to FF performance, advance from the south to the center-west and center-east of the area, while the MTa performance represents an advance from east to north, which moves westward and south-west. The spatiotemporal configuration of rainfall in flood episodes shows the importance of the use of fine scale analysis (hourly and minutes) with a dense distribution of seasons. Keywords: Atmospheric Systems. Climatic Dynamics. Spatial Analysis. Fine Scale. Curitiba. Os eventos climaticos extremos associados as chuvas e inundacoes estao no centro da analise desenvolvida no presente texto. A variabilidade espaco-temporal da precipitacao, associada a configuracao de dois eventos hidrometeorologicos extremos/inundacoes na Cidade de Curitiba-PR, constitui dois estudos de caso utilizados como exemplo. Os episodios selecionados sao decorrentes da atuacao da MTa (Verao) e outro da FF (Outono). Utilizou-se de dados de no minimo 40 pluviometros automaticos e de dados climaticos gerais registrados em estacoes automaticas na escala horaria. Os dados foram fornecidos pelo Centro Nacional de Monitoramento e Alertas de Desastres Naturais (CEMADEN) e pelo Instituto Tecnologico SIMEPAR (Sistema Meteorologico do Parana). A metodologia empregada apoia-se na estatistica e no sistema de informacao geografica para representacao espaco-temporal, com destaque para a criacao de paineis. Os resultados, para Curitiba e seu agl