Neurovascular Structures at Risk During Anterolateral and Medial Arthroscopic Approaches of the Hip/Estructuras Neurovasculares en Riesgo Durante Abordajes Artroscopicos Anterolaterales y Mediales de la Cadera

To describe the safety areas for placement of 5 anterolateral portals (anterior, anterior lateral, posterior lateral, proximal anterior medial and distal anterior medial portals) and 3 recently described medial portals (anterior medial, posterior medial and distal posterior medial portals) to provide topographical description of the safety of each. A descriptive, observational and cross=sectional study in which femoral triangle dissection was performed in 12 hips. 5 lateral portals and the 3 medial portals were placed. Clinically relevant neurovascular structures associated with each portal, were identified measured and documented. The lateral portal with the highest risk of injury to a nearby neurovascular structure was the anterior portal, the most adjacent to the femoral cutaneous nerve, 1.42 cm ([+ or -] 0.85) lateral to the portal. In the medial portals, the anterior medial portal has the narrowest margin in relation to the femoral artery, 2.14 cm ( [+ or -] 0.35) lateral to the portal and medial to the obturator nerve by 0.87 cm ( [+ or -] 0.62). The lateral portals have a higher safety margin; the portal with the most proximity to a neurovascular structure is the anterior portal, associated laterally with the femoral cutaneous nerve, presenting a higher risk of injury. Medial portals have a higher risk of injuring the femoral neurovascular bundle as well as the obturator nerve. KEY WORDS: Anatomy; Arthroscopy; Hip; Portal. El objetivo fue describir las areas de seguridad para la colocacion de 5 portales estandar (portal anterior, anterolateral, posterolateral, portal anterior proximal medial y portal anterior distal medial) y 3 portales mediales emergentes (antero medial, portal posteromedial y posteromedial distal) para proporcionar una descripcion topografica de la seguridad de cada portal. Se realizo un estudio descriptivo, observacional y transversal, en la que se diseco el triangulo femoral de 12 caderas. Se colocaron los 5 portales laterales y los 3 portales mediales. Se documento la medicion de cada estructura neurovascular de relevancia clinica en relacion a cada uno de los portales evaluados. En cuanto al portal de mayor riesgo entre los laterales, se encontro el portal anterior con mayor cercania al nervio cutaneo femoral lateral (1,42 [+ or -] 0,85 cm), ubicado lateral al portal. En los portales mediales el portal anterior medial tiene el margen mas estrecho respecto a la arteria femoral (2,14 [+ or -] 0,35 cm) lateral al portal, y medial