Population-based study on infant mortality/Estudo de base populacional sobre mortalidade infantil

Although Brazil has reduced social, economic and health indicators disparities in the last decade, intra- and inter-regional differences in child mortality rates (CMR) persist in regions such as the state capital of Mato Grosso. This population-based study aimed to investigate factors associated with child mortality in five cohorts of live births (LB) of mothers living in Cuiaba (MT), Brazil, 2006-2010, through probabilistic linkage in 47,018 LB. We used hierarchical logistic regression analysis. Of the 617 child deaths, 48% occurred in the early neonatal period. CMR ranged from 14.6 to 12.0 deaths per thousand LB. The following remained independently associated with death: mothers without companion (OR = 1.32); low number of prenatal consultations (OR = 1.65); low birthweight (OR = 4.83); prematurity (OR = 3.05); Apgar [less than or equal to] 7 at the first minute (OR = 3.19); Apgar [less than or equal to] 7 at the fifth minute (OR = 4.95); congenital malformations (OR = 14.91) and male gender (OR = 1.26). CMR has declined in Cuiaba, however, there is need to guide public healthcare policies in the prenatal and perinatal period to reduce early neonatal mortality and further studies to identify the causes of preventable deaths. Key words Child mortality, Information systems, Risk factors, Vital statistics Resumo Embora o Brasil tenha diminuido na ultima decada as disparidades sociais, economicas e de indicadores de saude, as diferencas intra e inter-regionais das taxas de mortalidade infantil (TMI) persistem em regioes como a capital do estado de Mato Grosso. Estudo de base populacional que objetivou investigar fatores associados a mortalidade infantil em cinco coortes de nascidos vivos (NV) de maes residentes em Cuiaba (MT), Brasil, 2006-2010, atraves de linkage probabilistico em 47.018NV. Utilizou-se regressao logistica, por meio de analise hierarquizada. Dos 617 obitos infantis, 48% ocorreram no periodo neonatal precoce. A TMI variou de 14,6 a 12,0 obitos por mil NV Permaneceram independentemente associados ao obito: maes sem companheiro (OR = 1,32); baixo numero de consultas de pre-natal (OR = 1,65); baixo peso ao nascer (OR = 4,83); prematuridade (OR = 3,05); Apgar [less than or equal to] 7 no 1 minuto (OR = 3,19); Apgar [less than or equal to] 7 no 5 minuto (OR = 4,95); malformacao congenita (OR = 14,91) e sexo masculino (OR = 1,26). Houve reducao da mortalidade infantil em Cuiaba, porem, ha necessidade de direcionamento de politicas publicas de saud