Growing conditions of the mother plant and use of IBA in the propagation of 'Sunki' mandarin by cuttings/Condiciones de cultivo de la planta matriz y uso del ácido indolbutírico en la propagación del mandarino 'Sunki' por estaquilla

Citrus rootstocks are obtained from seeds, selecting the apomitic seedlings. However, there is risk of not making the correct selection, due to low level of polyembryony and high heterozygosity in some species or cultivars, such as 'Sunki' mandarin. Therefore, obtaining the citrus rootstoc...

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Veröffentlicht in:Revista Brasileira de fruticultura 2016-03
Hauptverfasser: Sarmiento, Andres Ivan Prato, Schwarz, Sergio Francisco, De Souza, Paulo Vitor Dutra
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Sprache:spa
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Zusammenfassung:Citrus rootstocks are obtained from seeds, selecting the apomitic seedlings. However, there is risk of not making the correct selection, due to low level of polyembryony and high heterozygosity in some species or cultivars, such as 'Sunki' mandarin. Therefore, obtaining the citrus rootstocks through cuttings may solve the problem. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of rooting semi-hardwood cuttings of 'Sunki' mandarin (Citrus sunki Hort. ex Tan), collected from mother plants cultivated on the field or in a greenhouse, using different concentrations of indolbutyric acid (IBA). Cuttings were collected in late spring and maintained for 90 days under greenhouse mist system. Completely randomized block design was used, with four replications in a factorial 2 x 4, concerning to two culture conditions (mother plants cultivated on the field and in a greenhouse) and four concentrations of IBA (0, 750, 1.500 and 3.000 mg [L.sup.-1]). The rooting of 'Sunki' mandarin was high, reaching 96% in both conditions of culture. The sprouting (53%) and survival (95%) of the cuttings showed satisfactory values, regardless of the IBA. The use of IBA is only necessary in cuttings originated from plants kept in greenhouse, improving rooting and number of roots. Index-terms: Citrus sunki, growth regulators, rooting, rootstocks. Los patrones se obtienen tradicionalmente en la citricultura a partir de semillas, seleccionandose las plantas de origen apomictica. Sin embargo, hay riesgo de no realizarse la seleccion correcta, debido a la baja apomixis y la alta heterocigocidad en algunas especies o cultivares, como el mandarino 'Sunki'. La obtencion de los mismos por estaquillas solucionaria el problema. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el potencial de enraizamiento de estaquillas del mandarino 'Sunki' (Citrus sunki Hort. ex Tan.), colectadas de matrices cultivadas en el campo o en ambiente protegido, utilizandose diferentes concentraciones del acido indolbutirico (AIB). Las estaquillas se colectaron en el final de la primavera y se mantuvieron por 90 dias en camara de nebulizacion intermitente. Se adopto el diseno experimental de bloques completos al azar, con cuatro repeticiones, en arreglo factorial 2 x 4, referente a dos condiciones de cultivo (matrices cultivadas en campo y en ambiente protegido) y cuatro concentraciones del AIB (0, 750, 1.500 y 3.000 mg [L.sup.-1]). El enraizamiento del mandarino 'Sunki' fue elevado, alcanzando el 96% en las dos condi
ISSN:0100-2945
DOI:10.1590/0100-29452016334