Nonlinear control of a hybrid batch reactor/Nelinearno vodenje temperature hibridnega sarznega reaktorja

This paper introduces a new class of advanced control algorithms for batch-reactor temperature control where a nonlinear PI controller with a feed-forward part in a cascade combination with a P controller is used. The main goal of the algorithm is to optimize production by lowering the costs of the temperature control and increasing the quantity and quality of the chemical, biological, pharmaceutical, food and beverage products produced in these reactors. The algorithm is designed to cope with the constraints and the mixed discrete and continuous nature of the process by manipulating variables for heating and cooling. The stability and robustness of the control algorithm is proven through the Popov Stability Criterion. The simulation results of the proposed algorithm show much better performance compared to a conventional cascade PI control structure, which is most commonly used in industry. Furthermore, the study also shows real-time implementation on a bioreactor using the proposed algorithm. Keywords: nonlinear process control, cascade control, batch reactor, temperature control V tem clanku je predstavljen nov koncept vodenja temperature sarznega reaktorja z nelinearnim Pl-regulatorjem. Na podrocju vodenja temperature sarznega reaktorja obstaja veliko razlicnih naprednih algoritmov za vodenje, ki pa se zaradi kompleksnosti in zahtevnosti parametriziranja v praksi niso izrazito uveljavili. Glavni cilj tega algoritma je izboljsati hitrost in natancnost vodenja temperature ter doseci hitro kompenzacijo motenj, ki so posledica endotermnih in eksotermnih reakcij v sarznih reaktorjih. Ti reaktorji se v vecini premerov uporabljajo za proizvodnjo razlicnih tipov produkta, zato se njihova dinamika lahko zelo razlikuje od produkta do produkta. Natancno in hitro vodenje temperature takih tipov reaktorjev je tezko doseci zaradi velikih sprememb zelene temperature, motenj, ki vplivajo na proces, ter mesane zvezne in diskretne (hibridne) narave procesa. Vecina industrijskih sarznih reaktorjev za vodenje temperature uporablja konvencionalne PI- in PID-regulacijske algoritme, ki pa ne omogocajo optimalnega vodenja temperature, vsaj ne na celotnem obmocju delovanja regulatorja. Zaradi tega in zaradi cedalje visjih ter strozjih zahtev po konkurencnosti in optimizaciji stroskov proizvodnje, ki nam jih narekujejo globalni trgi, si prizadevamo znizati stroske vodenja temperature ter povecati kvaliteto in kvantiteto produktov z razvojem in uporabo naprednih algoritmov za vo