L'emergence du pouvoir reglementaire

Il est usuel de considerer qu'en France le pouvoir reglementaire apparait veritablement avec la Constitution de l'an III. S'il est vrai que le premier texte constitutionnel reconnaissant expressement a l'exeutif un pouvoir de reglementer pour l'execution des lois est la Constitution de l'an III, c'est en revanche sous la Constituante, plus encore sous la Legislative, qu'apparait le pouvoir reglementaire. A l'origine, le reglement n'est rien d'autre qu'une loi precisant une loi anterieure plus generale adoptee conformeent a la procedure legislative ordinaire. Cependant, l'ideal revolutionnaire d'un executif depourvu de volonte se heurta rapidement aux necessite pratiques: l'Assemblee ne pouvait tout faire. Aussi, les Constituants, bientot imites par la Legislative, deleguerent ponctuellement au Roi une part de la fonction reglementaire. Sur la base de ces habilitations, l'executif va reglementer de maniere de plus en plus autonome, au point que le legislateur acceptera de borner son intervention a un simple controle de conformite du reglement a la loi. Ainsi, peu .peu, le reglement va etre dissocie de sa gangue legislative pour devenir un acte de l'executif. Mots-cles: pouvoir reglementaire; reglement; loi; procedure; legislative; proclamation It is usual to consider that in France the Regulatory Power is born with the Constitution of the . If it is true that this Constitution recognises for the first time that the Executive power is allowed to issue rules for the execution of the Law, however, the Regulatory Power really appears under the Constituante, and more so under the Legislative. At the start, the rule is nothing more than a law precising a forerunner law, which is more general and has been issued following the ordinary legislative process. However, the revolutionary ideal of the Executive power, with no proper will, was soon clashing with practical reality: the national Assembly couldn't do everything. That is why the Constituants, as well as the Legislative afterward, during short periods delegated part of the regulatory function to the King. These empowerments permitted the Executive to give rules with a growing autonomy, so much that the Legislative power accepted to limit its intervention to a mere control that aimed at checking that rules complied with the law. In this way the rule was dissociated from its legislative origin, to become an act of the Executive power. Keywords:Regulatoty Power; rule; law; legislative process; proclamat