Gestational weight gain and birth weight of the newborn: a cross-sectional study in Jundiai, Sao Paulo, Brazil/Ganho de peso gestacional e peso ao nascer do concepto: estudo transversal na regiao de Jundiai, Sao Paulo, Brasil

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of overweight, pre-pregnancy and gestational obesity and verify the association with the birth weight of the newborn. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 712 pregnant women admitted for delivery at the School of Medicine of Jundiai hospital. The variables studied were socio-demographics, pregnancy, pre-pregnancy weight, prenatal care, total gestational weight gain and birth weight of the newborn. The majority (99.7%) had a pre-natal and 84.6% [greater than or equal to] 6 visits. The prevalence of pre-pregnancy overweight was 34.7%, and excessive total weight gain was 36.9%. A significant association was observed between the pregnant women's BMI classification and the newborn's weight (NB) classification and between total weight gain classification of the mother and the newborn's weight classification. In pregnant women with excessive weight a higher prevalence of newborns with appropriate weight was observed. In contrast, women with insufficient weight gain had 2.15 times higher risk of underweight newborns and 2.85 times higher risk of low weight newborns. Although a significant percentage of overweight pregnant women was observed, this influenced the insufficient weight of the pregnant woman though not the birth weight of the newborns. Key words Obesity, Birth weight, Pregnancy, Weight gain O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a prevalencia de sobrepeso e obesidade pre-gravidica e gestacional e verificar a associacao com o peso ao nascer do concepto. Estudo descritivo, transversal, quantitativo, realizado com 712 gestantes internadas para o parto no hospital da Faculdade de Medicina de Jundiai. Variaveis estudadas: perfil sociodemografico, gestacional, peso pre-gravidico, assistencia pre-natal, ganho de peso gestacional total e peso ao nascer do concepto. A maioria (99,7%) realizou pre-natal, 84,6% [greater than or equal to] seis consultas. Prevalencia de excesso de peso pre-gravidico (34,7%) e de ganho de peso total excessivo (36,9%). Associacao significativa foi observada entre classificacao do IMC inicial da gestante e classificacao do peso do recem-nascido (RN) e entre classificacao do ganho de peso total da gestante e classificacao do peso do RN. Nas gestantes com peso excessivo observou-se maior prevalencia de RN com peso adequado, em contrapartida, gestantes com ganho de peso insuficiente tiveram 2,15 vezes mais risco de RN com peso insuficiente e 2,85 vezes mais risco de R