Evaluation of tetraploid genotypes of banana tree cultivated in Fusarium- infested area/Avaliacao de genotipos tetraploides de bananeira cultivados em area infestada pelo agente causal do mal-do-Panama

Fusarium wilt is one of the major diseases which cause great damage to the banana crop in Brazil since most cultivars used are susceptible. This study was carried out to evaluate agronomical characteristics and resistance to Fusarium wilt in tetraploid banana hybrids. The experiment was led in the experimental field at Embrapa Cassava and Tropical Fruits in a complete randomized design with 14 treatments and 10 replicates in the years 2000 and 2001. Fourteen tetraploids were evaluated: FHIA-03, PV03-44, PC42-01, PV42-53, PV42-68, PV42-81, PV42-85, PV42-129, PV42-142, PV42- 143, SH3640, ST12-31, ST42-08 and YB42-21 and the Silk cultivar used as the control. The following characteristics were evaluated: plant height (m) and pseudostem diameter (cm) at 30cm from the ground, bunch weight (kg), hand weight (kg) and fruit weight (g), number of hands per bunch, fruits per hand and days to flowering until harvest and Fusarium wilt incidence. The mean values of the genotypes were grouped by the Scott Knott test at 5% significance. There is a broad variation regarding the characteristics evaluated. FHIA 03, ST12-31, SH3640, PV42-142, PV42-53 and PV42-68 present good agronomical characteristics as well as resistance to Fusarium wilt. Index terms: Musa spp., evaluation, plant breeding, Fusarium. O mal-do-Panama e uma doenca que causa grandes prejuizos a bananicultura no Brasil, uma vez que as principais cultivares em uso sao suscetiveis ao Fusarium. Este trabalho teve como objetivos avaliar caracteristicas agronomicas e resistencia ao mal-do-Panama de hibridos tetraploides de bananeira. O experimento foi conduzido no campo experimental da Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura Tropical, em delineamento casualizado, com 14 tratamentos e 10 repeticoes, nos anos de 2000 e 2001. Foram avaliados 14 tetraploides (FHIA-03, PV03-44, PC42-01, PV42-53, PV42-68, PV42-81, PV42-85, PV42-129, PV42-142, PV42-143, SH3640, ST12-31, ST42-08 e YB42-21) e a cultivar Maca, usada como testemunha. Avaliaramse as caracteristicas altura da planta (m) e diametro do pseudocaule (cm) a 30 cm do solo, peso da massa do cacho (kg), penca (kg) e fruto (g), numero de pencas por cacho, de frutos por penca e de dias do florescimento a colheita, e a incidencia do mal-do-Panama. As medias dos genotipos foram agrupadas pelo teste de Scott e Knott, a 5% de probabilidade. Observa-se uma ampla variacao genetica nos caracteres avaliados. Os genotipos FHIA 03, ST12-31, SH3640, PV42-142, PV42-53 e PV42-68 apresentam b