Metabolic and genetic risk factors associated with pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes in Thai healthcare employees: A long-term study from the Siriraj Health

The study of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in a developing country like Thailand has rarely been conducted in long-term cohorts, especially among the working-age population. We aim to assess the prevalence and incidence of risk factors and their associations underlying NCDs, especially type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among healthcare workers enrolled in the Siriraj Health (SIH) study cohort. The SIH study was designed as a longitudinal cohort and conducted at Siriraj hospital, Thailand. A total of 5,011 participants (77% women) were recruited and follow-up. Physical examinations, blood biochemical analyses, family history assessments, behavior evaluations, and genetics factors were assessed. The average age was 35.44±8.24 years and 51% of participants were overweight and obese. We observed that men were more likely to have a prevalence of T2DM and dyslipidemia (DLP) compared to women. Aging was significantly associated with pre-diabetes and T2DM (P0.05). The findings of the SIH study provide a comprehensive understanding of the health status, risk factors, and genetic factors related to T2DM in a specific working population and highlight areas for further research and intervention to address the growing burden of T2DM and NCDs.