Mechanogated Channels in Xenopus Oocytes: Different Gating Modes Enable a Channel to Switch from a Phasic to a Tonic Mechanotransducer

Cellular alterations in response to mechanical stimulation are mediated by Brownian motion, gravitational force and internal cell factors such as cytoskeletal polymerization or depolymerization. Cell response to mechanical stimuli is also mediated by mechanosensitive enzymes, transmitter release, gene activation and single mechanogated (MG) membrane ion channels. Patch clamp analysis of MG membrane channels in Xenopus oocytes indicated the presence of a stimulus-response mechanism that is characterized by a phasic to tonic shifting of channel mode.