Antibiofilm activity of propolis extract on

The present study evaluated the capacity of three species of isolated from onychomycosis to form biofilms and the antibiofilm effect of propolis extract on these biofilms. The biofilms and antibiofilm effects were evaluated by quantifying the colony-forming units, mitochondrial metabolic activity assays, total biomass by crystal violet staining and scanning electron microscopy. Propolis extract demonstrated significant antibiofilm efficiency on spp. isolates and reduced , and mature biofilms. Propolis extract can be an alternative topical treatment of onychomycosis caused by spp.