Pollution in selected rivers of India--three case studies

Industrialization and urbanization of India have measurably influenced the quality of water of its rivers. The discharge of oxygen-demanding substances, toxic wastes, and hot substances, suspended solids and coloured wastes into rivers has deteriorated the quality of natural streams and placed economic restrictions on many downstream water uses. This paper is a summary of three major regional reconnaissances, one each from Central, North and South India. The extent of pollution due to various industries located in these areas, and due to discharge of municipal wastes is identified and the plans of various organizations in combating the pollution and saving the streams from the onslaught of indiscriminate industrialization are identified. It is concluded from this study that while there are a few success stories in preserving the quality of streams in India, the challenges posed to the environmental engineers of the country are many.