Ophiochloa bryoides (Poaceae, Paniceae), a New Grass Species from Central Brazil

Ophiochloa bryoides, a new species in the Brazilian endemic genus Ophiochloa, is described and illustrated. It is similar to O. hydrolithica, the only currently known species in this genus, from which it differs because of its diminutive annual habit, the absence of an axillary inflorescence, and the occurrence of a single apical seta on the lower lemma. The affinity of Ophiochloa with Axonopus is briefly discussed.