The ASCA Model and a Multi-Tiered System of Supports: A Framework to Support Students of Color With Problem Behavior

The American School Counselor Association (ASCA) National Model and a multi- tiered system of supports (MTSS) both provide frameworks for systematically solving problems in schools, including student behavior concerns. The authors outline a model that integrates overlapping elements of the National Model and MTSS as a support for marginalized students of color exhibiting problem behaviors. Individually, the frameworks employ data-driven decision making as well as prevention services for all students and intervention services for at-risk students. Thus, the integrated model allows schools to provide objective alternatives to exclusionary disciplinary actions (e.g., suspensions and expulsions) that are being assigned to students of color at a disproportionate rate. The manuscript outlines the steps within the integrated model and provides implications for school counselors and counselor educators. Keywords: ASCA National Model, multi-tiered system of supports, school counselors, marginalized students, students of color