Treatment Sensitivity of Direct Behavior Rating–Multi-Item Scales in the Context of a Daily Report Card Intervention

The primary goal of this study was to assess the treatment sensitivity of four newly developed Direct Behavior Rating–Multi-Item Scales (DBR-MIS) that assess the domains of academic engagement, disruptive behavior, organizational skills, and oppositional behavior in the context of a Daily Report Card (DRC) intervention. To achieve this goal, we first evaluated the integrity and effectiveness of the DRC intervention in this sample. Participants included six elementary school teachers, each of whom delivered a DRC intervention with one student from their classroom, while completing DBR-MIS ratings on a daily basis for 2 months. Results confirmed the effectiveness of the DRC intervention (all DRC target behaviors demonstrated improvement, with at least half demonstrating improvement that was moderate to large in magnitude) and revealed a positive relationship between DRC implementation integrity and student outcomes. We found strong evidence for the treatment sensitivity of the DBR-MIS assessing academic engagement, disruptive behavior, and organizational skills. Results for the treatment sensitivity of the DBR-MIS oppositional scale were inconclusive. Implications for progress monitoring using the recently developed DBR-MIS are discussed.