PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF LUBRICATING OILS

1390953 Lubricating oils SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ NV 28 April 1972 19877/72 Headings C5E and C5F Lubricating oils having viscosity indicies below 90 are prepared by blending (a) at least 1 wt. per cent of an aromatic extract of a deasphalted short residue of a paraffinic crude oil with (b) a hydrofinished aromatic extract of a vacuum distillate and/or (c) a vacuum distillate fraction of a naphthenic crude oil. In the examples a long residue of a paraffinic crude oil is vacuum distilled to yield spindle oil, light machine oil and medium machine oil distillates and a residue which is deasphalted with propane and extracted with furfural. A portion of the furfural extract is hydrofinished at 340- 360‹ C. and 130-140 atm. using a catalyst comprising Ni, Mo and P on alumina. Blends are made using the extract or using the hydrofinished extract as component (a). The spindle oils is extracted with furfural and then hydrofinished to provide component (b). The long residue of a naphthenic crude oil is vacuum distilled to provide a fraction which, after treatment with sulphuric acid, has a viscosity at 140‹ F. of 140 sec. Redwood I and another fraction which, after hydrofinishing, has a viscosity of 50 sec. Redwood; these two refined fractions are used as component (c). The blend can also contain 0À01-1 wt. per cent of a pour point depressant, e.g. a condensation product of chlorinated wax with phenol or naphthalene, a polymer of an ester of acrylic or methacrylic acid having unbranched alkyl chains containing 16-22 carbon atoms, or a copolymer of these esters with 4 vinyl pyridine, or a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate; a phenolic antioxidant; a detergent, e.g. calcium petroleum sulphonate, calcium alkylsalicylate, polyisobutenyl - tetraethylene pentamine reaction product, or a reaction product of tetraethylene pentamine with an alkylsuccinic anhydride; or a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate. The blends are used as automotive oils, gear oils, axle oils, and in greases, concrete mould oils, rubber processing and extender oils, cutting oils, printing inks and moulding oils.