LIGHT-SENSITIVE VOLTAGE DIVIDERS AND USE IN TRANSDUCERS

A light-sensitive voltage divider (10 or 240) includes a light-sensitive device (12A). Preferably, two series connected light-sensitive devices (12A and 12B) and two resistors (14A and 14B) are used to provide a light-sensitive voltage divider (10) that not only is lumen balanced, but that also provides a null voltage in the absence of light. A proportional-output transducer (82, 148, or 161) includes one of the light-sensitive voltage dividers (10), a lamp (57 or 126) as a source of light, and means (78, 132, or 166) for selectively controlling transmission of light from the lamp (57 or 126) to the light-sensitive voltage divider (10 or 240). A joystick X-Y controller (48 or 160) includes two of the light-sensitive voltage dividers (10). A joystick (58 or 164) actuates a mirrored surface (78) or a light-control cap (166) to control transmission of light from the lamp (57 or 126) to two light-sensitive voltage dividers (10 or 240). A tilt-sensitive X-Y controller (102) includes two of the light-sensitive voltage dividers (10 or 240), and a light-restricting fluid (132) selectively restricts transmission of light from the lamp (126) to the light-sensitive voltage dividers (10 or 240) as a function of tilt angles (146). Selective control of proportionality is achieved by dimming the lamp (57 or 126). Selective control of start-up and shut-down is achieved by selectively controlling the rate of change of lumens produced from the lamps (57 and 126), and selective control of the rate of change of lumens is achieved by restricting the rate of increase and decrease of voltages applied to the lamp (57 or 126). Cette invention se rapporte à un diviseur de tension photosensible (10 ou 240), qui comprend un dispositif photosensible (12A). De préférence, deux dispositifs photosensibles connectés en série (12A et 12B) et deux résistances (14A et 14B) sont utilisés pour former un diviseur de tension photosensible (10) qui non seulement est équilibré du point de vue des lumens mais qui également est capable de fournir une tension nulle en l'absence de lumière. Un transducteur assorti proportionnel (82, 148 ou 161) comprend l'un de ces diviseurs de tension photosensibles (10), une lampe (57 ou 126) comme source de lumière, et des moyens (78, 132 ou 166) permettant de réguler sélectivement la transmission de lumière à partir de la lampe (57 ou 126) à destination du diviseur de tension photosensible (10 ou 240). Une unité de commande X-Y à manche du type levier de commande