Pilot pattern for observation-scalar MIMO-OFDM

In an embodiment, a transmitter includes a transmission path configurable to generate first pilot clusters in response to a matrix, each first pilot cluster including a respective first pilot subsymbol in a first cluster position and a respective second pilot subsymbol in a second cluster position such that a vector formed by the first pilot subsymbols is orthogonal to a vector formed by the second pilot subsymbols, the matrix having a dimension related to a number of cluster positions in each of the first pilot clusters. For example, where such a transmitter transmits simultaneous orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexed (OFDM) signals (e.g., MIMO-OFDM signals) over respective channels that may impart inter-carrier interference (ICI) to the signals due to Doppler spread, the pattern of the pilot symbols that compose the pilot clusters may allow a receiver of these signals to estimate the responses of these channels more accurately than conventional receivers.