Lithographic apparatus and device manufacturing method

A porous member is used in a liquid removal system of an immersion lithographic projection apparatus to smooth uneven flows. A pressure differential across the porous member may be maintained at below the bubble point of the porous member so that a single-phase liquid flow is obtained. Alternatively...

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Hauptverfasser: Belfroid Stefan Philip Christiaan, Ten Kate Nicolaas, Verhagen Martinus Cornelis Maria, Smeulers Johannes Petrus Maria, Van Der Toorn Jan-Gerard Cornelis, De Graaf Roelof Frederik, Hoogendam Christiaan Alexander, Teunissen Franciscus Johannes Herman Maria, Vogel Herman, Van Der Meulen Frits, Mertens Jeroen Johannes Sophia Maria, Kemper Nicolaas Rudolf, Donders Sjoerd Nicolaas Lambertus, Cox Henrikus Herman Marie
Format: Patent
Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:A porous member is used in a liquid removal system of an immersion lithographic projection apparatus to smooth uneven flows. A pressure differential across the porous member may be maintained at below the bubble point of the porous member so that a single-phase liquid flow is obtained. Alternatively, the porous member may be used to reduce unevenness in a two-phase flow.