Differential capacitance torque sensor

A differential capacitance torque sensor utilizes multiple voltage sources in order to compensate for inherent electrical asymmetries in the sensor. A first voltage source having a voltage V1 is electrically connected across a longitudinally-extending, conductive proof mass, a first upper capacitor C1 and the second lower capacitor C4. A second voltage source having a voltage V2 is connected in series with the first voltage source, a second upper capacitor C3 and a first lower capacitor C2, such that the voltage V2 is given by V 2 = γ γ + 1 ⁢ V 1 , where γ is a parameter defined as γ = C 2 + C 3 C 1 + C 4 - 1.