Method of cooling an optical element, lithographic apparatus and method for manufacturing a device

A method of thermally conditioning an optical element operating in a vacuum environment. The optical element includes a first body having at least one optical surface and at least one heat transfer surface. The first body is dynamically controlled in position and/or orientation. The method includes...

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Bibliographische Detailangaben
Hauptverfasser:	LOOPSTRA ERIK ROELOF, JANSSEN FRANCISCUS JOHANNES JOSEPH
Format:	Patent
Sprache:	eng
Schlagworte:	ACCESSORIES THEREFOR APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USINGWAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FORPROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR BLASTING CINEMATOGRAPHY ELECTROGRAPHY HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS,IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT HEATING HOLOGRAPHY LIGHTING MATERIALS THEREFOR MECHANICAL ENGINEERING OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS, OR APPARATUS OPTICS ORIGINALS THEREFOR PHOTOGRAPHY PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES,e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTORDEVICES PHYSICS WEAPONS
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Beschreibung
Zusammenfassung:	A method of thermally conditioning an optical element operating in a vacuum environment. The optical element includes a first body having at least one optical surface and at least one heat transfer surface. The first body is dynamically controlled in position and/or orientation. The method includes controlling a temperature of a second body to a desired temperature, the second body including a second heat transfer surface; positioning the second body adjacent the first body and dynamically controlling the second body in position and/or orientation so as to maintain the first and second heat transfer surfaces in a substantially constant arrangement without contact between the bodies; and delivering a gas as a heat transfer medium into a heat transfer space defined by the first and second heat transfer surfaces, while controlling the pressure of the gas in the heat transfer space to between about 30 Pa and about 300 Pa.