High dispersion diffraction grating including multiple holographic optical elements

A multi-element diffraction grating is disclosed. The multi-element diffraction grating may be configured to diffract incident radiation with high dispersion using at least two holographic optical elements. The multi-element diffraction grating may include a first volume phase grating that is one of the holographic optical elements. The multi-element diffraction grating may also include at least one additional volume phase grating that is the second holographic optical element. The first volume phase grating and each of the additional volume phase gratings may be positioned relative to each other such that the radiation propagates through and is diffracted by the first volume phase grating and each of the additional volume phase gratings.