Electrode with transparent series resistance for uniform switching of optical modulation devices

Switching uniformity of an optical modulation device for controlling the propagation of electromagnetic radiation is improved by use of an electrode comprising an electrically resistive layer that is transparent to the radiation. The resistive layer is preferably an innerlayer of a wide-bandgap oxid...

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Bibliographische Detailangaben
Hauptverfasser:	TENCH D. MORGAN, CUNNINGHAM MICHAEL A, KOBRIN PAUL H
Format:	Patent
Sprache:	eng
Schlagworte:	BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS, THE OPTICAL OPERATION OF WHICH ISMODIFIED BY CHANGING THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIUM OF THEDEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF THE INTENSITY,COLOUR, PHASE, POLARISATION OR DIRECTION OF LIGHT, e.g.SWITCHING, GATING, MODULATING OR DEMODULATING ELECTRIC SOLID STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR ELECTRICITY FREQUENCY-CHANGING NON-LINEAR OPTICS OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS OPTICS PHYSICS SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES TECHNIQUES OR PROCEDURES FOR THE OPERATION THEREOF
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Beschreibung
Zusammenfassung:	Switching uniformity of an optical modulation device for controlling the propagation of electromagnetic radiation is improved by use of an electrode comprising an electrically resistive layer that is transparent to the radiation. The resistive layer is preferably an innerlayer of a wide-bandgap oxide sandwiched between layers of indium tin oxide or another transparent conductor, and may be of uniform thickness, or may be graded so as to provide further improvement in the switching uniformity. The electrode may be used with electrochromic and reversible electrochemical mirror (REM) smart window devices, as well as display devices based on various technologies.