Electrical connector apparatus and methods

Electrical connector apparatus optimized for biomedical applications. In one embodiment, the connector apparatus comprises a low-cost simplified device having a unitary conductor element adapted to interface with an electrode terminal such as used in impedance cardiography (ICG) or electrocardiography (ECG). The unitary conductor is shaped so as to provide a high degree of electrical performance and signal stability, and also be highly reliable. The simplified structure of the connector (including the use of the unitary conductor element) allows it to be manufactured for very low cost, so as to be disposable if desired. Methods of manufacturing and operating the connector are also disclosed.