Plasma reactor with a tri-magnet plasma confinement apparatus

A plasma reactor includes a chamber adapted to support an evacuated plasma environment, a passageway connecting the chamber to a region external of the chamber, the passageway being defined by spaced opposing passageway walls establishing a passageway distance therebetweeen, and a plasma-confining magnet assembly adjacent the passageway. The plasma-confining magnet assembly includes a short magnet adjacent one of the passageway walls and having opposing poles spaced from one another by a distance which a fraction of the gap distance, the short magnet having a magnetic orientation along one direction transverse to the direction of the passageway, and a long magnet adjacent the other one of the opposing passageway walls and generally facing the short magnet across the passageway and having opposing poles spaced from one another along a direction transverse to the passageway by a pole displacement distance which is at least nearly as great as the gap distance, the long magnet having a magnetic orientation generally opposite to that of the short magnet.