Transmissive cell for ultra small pixel applications

A method and structure is presented for a display with reduced size pixels while retaining the transmissive approach. This enables continued use the least expensive transmission optics available. In an embodiment, it employs back-end-of-the-line vertical cells built on top of the row and column x, y lines of the pixels. In a PDLC type display embodiment each vertical cell is filled with PDLC which operates in a normally black mode known as the PDLC reverse mode. When the pixel control voltage is set ON, the liquid crystal is perpendicular to the light path resulting in a light pass through providing a bright state. When the control voltage is set OFF, the liquid crystals are randomly oriented, only the scattered light goes through the cell, so the pixel is in its OFF state. PDLC used here has two advantages. Firstly, the PDLC requires no rubbing. It is difficult to rub individual cell walls. Secondly, the use of both polarizations by the PDLC increases its luminous efficiency. Various embodiments are described for implementing vertical active electrodes and common ground electrodes. Advantages are described for employing the vertical electrodes with various implementations of a hidden storage capacitor.