Proximity detector using faraday effect and bidirectional transmission

A proximity detector apparatus that uses the Faraday Effect to detect position changes of a target. The proximity detector includes a permanent magnet having a magnetic field that changes as the target moves to or from a predetermined position. A self-referencing optical sensor is provided that detects the changed magnetic field. The optical sensor includes a magneto-optic material positioned near a node of the magnet. Means are provided to transmit polarized interrogation light along an optical path that includes the magneto-optic material. The optical path is bi-directionally addressed and is non-reciprocal. The optical sensor transduces the changed magnetic field into a modulation of the interrogation light's intensity. Means are provided to detect variations in the interrogation light intensity and to determine a ratio such as the difference over the sum ratio for two interrogation light samples that traveled the optic path in opposite directions.