Additive improving lubricating compositions and process of preparing them

The Specification comprises polymers or copolymers of an amino ester of the general formula where R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are hydrogen or alkyl groups, and at least one of R4 and R5 is an alkyl group. The amino ester may be copolymerized with unsaturated esters, such as mono-, or diesters of unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, e.g. a mixture of maleic and fumraic acids, esters of unsaturated fatty acids, esters of unsaturated alcohols such as vinyl acetate, which esters may contain alkoxy groups, styrene, acrylonitrile, or maleic anhydride. The polymerization step may be effected by heat or increased pressure, without or with a catalyst such as azodiisobutyronitrile and in a solvent such as benzene, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, paraffin or naphthenic oil. A specified amino ester is dioctyl amino - maleate and this was preferably copolymerized at 75 DEG C. for 5 hours in the presence of benzoyl peroxide with the fumarate of natural C8 alcohols, the fumarate of natural C16 alcohols, and vinyl acetate. The products may be used as additives for lubricating oils, for stabilizing fuel oils, for flotation agents, dispersants for insecticides, additives for natural and synthetic rubber and dispersion agents for asphalt and linoleum.ALSO:Dioctyl amino-maleate which may be polymerised or copolymerised (see Group IV(a)) may be prepared by chlorinating maleic anhydride at 140 DEG C. in the presence of a catalyst, the substance thus obtained then hydrolysed and esterified at 120 DEG C. by a C8 aliphatic alcohol to produce a hydroxy-ester which may then be reacted with ammonia at 40 DEG C. and dehydrated at 120 DEG C. to obtain the amino ester: ALSO:Polymers or copolymers of an amino ester of the general formula: where R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are hydrogen or alkyl groups, and at least one of R4 and R5 is an alkyl group (see Group IV(a)) may be used as additives for mineral or synthetic lubricating oils or as additives for fuel oils. Lubricating oil compositions containing the additives have improved detergency and antioxidant properties, higher viscosity index and lower pour point, while fuel oils are stabilized by the additives. The amino esters may be copolymerized with one or more polymerizable organic compounds, such as unsaturated esters (e.g. vinyl acetate, mono- or di-esters of maleic or fumaric acid or esters of unsaturated fatty acids; these esters may carry substituents such as alkoxy groups), unsa