PHOTOELECTRIC CONVERSION ELEMENT

The present disclosure discloses a photoelectric conversion element in which dark current is reduced, wherein the photoelectric conversion element includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a photoelectric conversion layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode and including quantum dots, which include nanoparticles and a protective ligand, wherein the nanoparticles contain at least two elements selected from the group consisting of group 11 elements, group 12 elements, group 13 elements, group 14 elements, group 15 elements, and group 16 elements, and the protective ligand includes a cationic ligand and an anionic ligand, and the cationic ligand and the anionic ligand both have a molecular weight of 250 or less.