OPTICAL SENSORS

There is provided an optical sensor for sensing a target, having an input optical conduit, an output optical conduit, and an optical field generator optically coupled to the input and the output optical conduits. The input optical conduit may receive an input light and guide the input light towards the optical field generator. The optical field generator may receive the input light from the input optical conduit, and may generate based on the input light an optical field extending at least partially outside of the optical field generator to interact with the target to generate an altered light. The target may be positioned outside the optical field generator. The optical field generator may also guide the altered light to the output optical conduit. The output optical conduit may receive the altered light from the optical field generator.