UNIVERSAL ADJUVANT FOR NASAL, ORAL, AND INTRAMUSCULAR DELIVERY OF VACCINES

Vaccine compositions comprising at least one modified immunogen via in vitro glycosylation methods that provide a rational approach for generating glycosylated versions of immunogens via the reducing end of a linear carbohydrate, the reducing end containing an N-acyl-2-amino moiety. Vaccine compositions comprising a plurality of heterologous immunogens associated with a multivalent carrier, wherein at least one immnunogen is glycosylated. Vaccine compositions comprising multivalent carriers and related methods using the vaccine compositions in various therapeutic and prophylactic applications for inducing an immune response against, treating, or preventing a bacterial, viral, fungal, or protozoan infection. Pathogens for which this approach may be useful include, but are not limited to, influenza viruses, rhinoviruses, human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), coronaviruses, Babesia, Borrelia, Neisseria, and Chlamydia, and the related diseases thereof